Fig. 1

Development of culture parameters for P. rhodozyma grown in synthetic medium with (+ Cu culture) and without Cu⁺² (− Cu culture). a, c, e correspond to the − Cu culture, whereas b, d, f correspond to the + Cu culture. Culture conditions: 1 vvm, 700 rpm, 22 °C, pH 4.5. Each determination was carried out in triplicate; error bars correspond to the standard deviation