Fig. 4

Two-stage feeding cultures demonstrate complete consumption of resorcinol and no metabolic limitations. Growth (closed circles, solid lines) is on the left axis and substrate utilization (open circles, dashed lines) is on the right axis. a Cells are grown for 30 h in TOLN media containing 3 g/L resorcinol (C:N ratio = 36:1). After 30 h, cells are switched into fresh TOLN media containing 3 g/L resorcinol (C:N = 36:1) and grown for an additional 48 h. b Cells are grown for 30 h in TOLN media containing 3 g/L resorcinol (C:N ratio = 36:1). After 30 h, cells are switched into fresh defined low nitrogen (DLN) media containing 3 g/L resorcinol (C:N = 361:1) and grown for an additional 48 h. The data are the mean and error bars are standard deviation of biological replicates (n = 3). Lines are used only for visual aid