Figure 1
From: Vanillin production using metabolically engineered Escherichia coli under non-growing conditions
Determination of plasmid copy number by competitive PCR. Competitive PCR using total DNA from JM109 cells harbouring pBB1 (A) or pFS (B) plasmid with the indicated amount (ng) of competitor DNA. (C) PCR reactions with primers targeting to 16S rRNA (1326-bp band): I, JM109(pBB1); II, JM109(pFS). The amplification products were separated by electrophoresis on a 1.0% agarose gel and visualized after staining with ethidium bromide. The 869-bp band corresponds to the ech gene and the 731-bp band to its 138-bp deletion form.