Stress symptom | Engineering strategy | Possible mechanisms involved | Solution provided | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Decreased growth rate | Plasmid-based inducible expression: | - Heat shock response | Dynamic expression of a sgRNA for target sequence under control of hptG1 promoter identified to be upregulated | [127] |
- Reporter | - Stringent response | |||
- Large heterologous proteins | ||||
- Operon encoding a metabolic pathway | ||||
Decreased growth rate | Production of membrane proteins (GarP and YidC) | - Cpx stress response | sRNA based genetic circuit: | [94] |
Impaired protein synthesis | - Stringent response | - Improved growth& protein production | ||
Aberrant cell size | - Aggregation of MinD | - Filamentation persisted | ||
Decreased growth rate | Production of membrane proteins (YidC, YedZ, LepI) | - Overloaded Sec translocon | [74] | |
Impaired protein synthesis | - Phage shock response | |||
Aberrant cell size | - Aggregation of MinD | |||
Impaired protein synthesis | Production of periplasmic proteins (Single-chain antibody fragment BL1) | - Overloaded Sec translocon | Lowering expression levels resulted in a decreased cell size & decreased amount of aggregates\(\backslash\)inclusion bodies | |
Genetic instability | - Heat shock response | |||
Aberrant cell size | - Phage shock response | |||
- Envelope\(\backslash\)General stress response | ||||
Decreased growth rate | Expression of plant proteins | - Compromised protein folding | - Determining the amount of rare codons to select most suitable host | [13] |
Impaired protein synthesis | - Stringent response | - Adding tRNAs of rare codons was detrimental to growth and protein solubility | ||
(Depletion of charged tRNAs and translation speed) | ||||
Genetic instability | Two synthetic genetic circuits (Induced by either AHL or IPTG) | - Recombination of repeated sequences | - Lower expression level to reduce metabolic load & thus mutation rate | [128] |
- General stress response | - Avoid use of repeated sequences in genetic circuits |