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Fig. 9 | Microbial Cell Factories

Fig. 9

From: Extracellular vesicles produced by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) activate macrophage proinflammatory response and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation through TLR4 signaling

Fig. 9

Apoptosis of THP-1 macrophages treated with APEC EVs. (A) PMA-activated THP-1 and HD11 cells were incubated with CT265 EVs (50 µg/mL) for 12 h, and apoptosis was detected with annexin V–FITC flow cytometry. The results shown are representative of one experiment with three replicates. (B) EVs (30, 40, or 50 µg/mL) from APEC CT265 or CT265ΔwecA were incubated with PMA-activated THP-1 macrophages for 12 h. EVs (30, 40, or 50 µg/mL) from CT265 were incubated with TAK242-pretreated PMA-activated THP-1 macrophages for 12 h. The cells were collected and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins detected with western blotting. The results shown are representative of one experiment with three replicates. (C) Densitometric analysis was used to quantify the levels of apoptosis-related proteins. Statistical test: two-way ANOVA, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

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Microbial Cell Factories

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