Fig. 6

JNK inhibition suppressed the formation of APEC-EV-mediated NETs. (A) Levels ofp-JNK1 and p-JNK2 in mouse neutrophils treated with EVs (30, 40, or 50 µg/mL) for 30 min were measured with western blotting assays. A representative western blot is shown. 50 µg/mL of LPS as the positive control. (B) Densitometric analysis was used to quantify the protein levels of p-JNK1 and p-JNK2. Statistical test: one-way ANOVA, ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01. (C) Levels of p-JNK1 and p-JNK2 in mouse neutrophils treated with EVs (30, 40, or 50 µg/mL) for different times 30 min were measured with western blotting assays. A representative western blot is shown. (D) Densitometric analysis was used to quantify the protein levels of p-JNK1 and p-JNK2. Statistical test: one-way ANOVA, ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01. (E + F) APEC CT265 EVs (50 µg/mL) were incubated with mouse neutrophils for 120 min. Fluorescence microscopy showed that neutrophils released NETs with p-JNK, but the SAPK/JNK inhibitor SP600125 inhibited the EV-mediated formation of NETs.