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Fig. 4 | Microbial Cell Factories

Fig. 4

From: Extracellular vesicles produced by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) activate macrophage proinflammatory response and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation through TLR4 signaling

Fig. 4

Loss of LPS significantly weakened the inflammatory response in THP-1 macrophages. (A + B) Escherichia coli CT265, mutant strain CT265ΔwecA, and EVs from both bacteria were analyzed with the PyroGene™ Recombinant Factor C Endotoxin Detection Assay. Statistical test: one-way ANOVA, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (C) TLR4 mRNA levels in PMA-treated THP-1 macrophages, pretreated or not pretreated with TAK242 and incubated for 12 h with EVs lacking LPS (30 µg/mL), were measured with RT–qPCR. Statistical test: one-way ANOVA, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (D) Expression levels of inflammasome-related proteins in PMA-treated THP-1 macrophages incubated for 12 h with CT265ΔwecA EVs (30, 40, or 50 µg/mL) were measured with western blotting assays. A representative western blot is shown. (E) Densitometric analysis was used to quantify the levels of inflammasome-related proteins. Statistical test: two-way ANOVA, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

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Microbial Cell Factories

ISSN: 1475-2859

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