Fig. 11

Inhibition of biofilm formation of PA-02 (A) and SA-04 (B) strains by l-tyrosine extracted from Rhizopus oryzae strain AUMC14899. Biofilm formation of both strains was significantly inhibited by sub-MICs concentrations (0.18–3 µg/ml and 0.93–7.5 µg/ml for PA-02 and SA-04, respectively) of l-tyrosine compared to negative control (bacteria grown without l-tyrosine). The values represent the mean of three independent replicates, with error bars representing the standard deviation of differences that are statistically significant at ^*P ≤ 0.05, ^**P ≤ 0.01, ^***P ≤ 0.001, and ^****P ≤ 0.0001, while P > 0.05 is non-significant (ns)