Fig. 1

Engineered metabolic pathway for the production of t4Hyp in E. coli. putA (encoding proline dehydrogenase), sucCD (encoding ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex), aceA (encoding isocitrate lyase), proB₇₄ (encoding feedback resistant γ-glutamate kinase), proA (encoding glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase), proC (encoding pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase), MBP-p4h (encoding proline-4-hydroxylase from Dactylosporangium sp with MBP), acs (encoding acetyl-CoA synthetase), gltA (encoding citrate synthase), icd (encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase), lgox (encoding L-glutamate oxidase)