Table 3 Microbial engineered strains for pinene production

E.coli

Heterologous mevalonate pathway expression, IspA overexpression, pinene synthase from P. taeda

5.44 (Shake Flask) 970 (Fed-batch)

[15]

E. coli

GPP synthase and pinene synthase fusion protein from A.grandis expression, heterologous mevalonate pathway expression

32

[16]

E. coli

Heterologous mevalonate pathway expression, idi and GPP synthase overexpression, mutagenesis of Pinene synthase from P. taeda

140

[40]

E. coli

Pinene synthase enzyme modifications, modular co-culture system engineering to modularize the heterologous mevalonate pathway expression, increasing the pinene tolerance by overexpression of the efflux pumps and mutagenesis by adaptive laboratory evolution after atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP)

166.5

[17]

C. glutamicum

Expression of GPP synthase from P. taeda and pinene synthase from A. grandis plus overexpression of dxs and idi

0.177

[29]

R. sphaeroides

Expression of fusion protein of GPP synthase and pinene synthase from A.grandis (0.098 mg/L pinene), and ribosomal binding site optimization, overexpressing of dxs, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, and idi (0.5 mg/L pinene)

0.5

[39]