Table 2 Outline of NRPS-derived secondary metabolites that were heterologously produced in S. cerevisiae, including characteristics of the reconstituted NRPS, its origin and product titer

β-Lactam

Benzylpenicillin

linear, 3791 aa, 426.0 kDa,

A-PCP-C-A-PCP-C-A-PCP-E-TE

Fungal

14.9 × 10^–6

[24, 48]

Benzodiazepine

Asperlicin C/D

iterative, 2442 aa, ~ 276 kDa,

A-PCP-C-A-PCP-C

Fungal

Not reported

[161]

Benzodiazepine

Benzo-diazepinedione

linear, 2359 aa, 261.4 kDa,

C-A-PCP-C-A-PCP-E

Fungal

2

[76]

Benzoquinone

Atromentin

iterative, 921 aa, 101.9 kDa,

A-PCP-TE

Fungal

Not reported

[162]

Cyclic dipeptide

Tryprostatin A/B

linear, 2211 aa, 242.8 kDa,

A-PCP-C-A-PCP-C

Fungal

0.1–36

[163, 164]

Cyclodepsipeptide

Bassianolide

iterative, 3147 aa, 348.3 kDa,

C-A-PCP-C-A-MT-PCP-PCP-C

Fungal

21.7–26.7

[165, 166]

Cyclodepsipeptide

Beauvericin

iterative, 3190 aa, 351.9 kDa,

C-A-PCP-C-A-MT-PCP-PCP-C

Fungal

33.8–105.9

[165, 166]

Dioxolane

Phenguignardic acid

iterative, 947 aa, 104.5 kDa,

A-PCP-TE

Fungal

15

[162]

Dipeptide

D-Phe–L-Leu

linear, 1088 aa, 122.7 kDa,

A-PCP-E

linear, 1276 aa, 143.9 kDa,

C-A-PCP-TE

Bacterial (combinatorial)

Not reported

[167]

Furanone

Aspulvinone E

iterative, 926 aa, 102.4 kDa,

A-PCP-TE

Fungal

13

[162]

Furanone

Butyrolactone IIa

iterative, 931 aa, 102.6 kDa,

A-PCP-TE

Fungal

35

[162]

Phenolic aldehyde

2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-benzaldehyde

iterative, 2590 aa, 283.7 kDa,

SAT-KS-AT-PT-ACP-ACP-MT-TE linear, 1069 aa, 118.9 kDa,

A-ACP-R

Fungal

Not reported

[127]

Pyridone

Indigoidine

iterative, 1283 aa, 141.2 kDa,

A-Ox-PCP-TE

Bacterial

980

[82]

Pyridone

Preaspyridone

iterative, 3930 aa, 431.3 kDa,

KS-AT-DH-MT-ER*-KR-ACP-C-A-PCP-R

Fungal

4

[168]

Quinazoline

(7-hydroxy)-fumiquinazoline F

linear, 3955 aa, 437.9 kDa,

C-A-PCP-C-A-PCP-E-C-A-PCP-C

Fungal

0.4–2

[76, 93]