Table 5 Thermostability of biosurfactant solution produced by Bacillus pumilus 2A on brewer’s spent grain
Temperature (°C) | Emulsion index IE24 | Emulsion index IE48 | Emulsion index IE96 | Emulsion index IE456 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concentration (% w/v) | Concentration (% w/v) | Concentration (% w/v) | Concentration (% w/v) | |||||
2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | |
30 | 69.62 ± 1.30 | 66.26 ± 0.91 | 64.41 ± 1.59 | 66.11 ± 0.78 | 65.07 ± 0.61 | 64.96 ± 0.05 | 59.94 ± 0.09 | 56.26 ± 0.93 |
37 | 63.26 ± 0.75 | 69.96 ± 1.68 | 63.08 ± 0.50 | 69.59 ± 2.14 | 62.57 ± 0.09 | 65.28 ± 1.58 | 56.29 ± 0.21 | 62.22 ± 0.61 |
55 | 68.02 ± 0.17 | 76.45 ± 1.22 | 68.14 ± 0.03 | 69.52 ± 1.07 | 63.61 ± 0.50 | 61.64 ± 1.24 | 61.73 ± 0.56 | 57.47 ± 0.68 |
75 | 75.51 ± 0.50 | 66.59 ± 1.29 | 71.02 ± 1.83 | 66.62 ± 1.23 | 67.70 ± 0.79 | 60.51 ± 1.08 | 62.74 ± 0.24 | 55.39 ± 0.72 |
100 | 64.00 ± 0.31 | 57.12 ± 1.36 | 58.96 ± 0.11 | 53.64 ± 1.53 | 46.81 ± 1.02 | 43.46 ± 1.04 | 45.68 ± 1.32 | 41.20 ± 0.64 |