Skip to main content

Table 1 Examples of interactions between MAMPs of probiotics and PRRs of hosts

From: Surface components and metabolites of probiotics for regulation of intestinal epithelial barrier

MAMP

Probiotic

PRR

PRR location

Co-receptor

Species

Refs

SlpA

DC-SIGN

Cell membrane

Unknown

L. acidophilus

[29]

Flagellin

TLR5

Cell membrane

Unknown

E. Coli Nissle 1917

[35]

Pili

TLR4

Cell membrane

Mannose glycoproteins

E. Coli Nissle 1917 (type 1 pili)

[42]

CPS

Unknown

Unknown

Unknown

B. thetaiotaomicron

[48]

LTA

TLR2

Cell membrane

CD14 and CD36

L. plantarum

[113]

PG

TLR2-NOD1 (or NOD2)

Cell membrane–Cytoplasmic

CD14

L. plantarum

DAP-PG

[114]

p40

p75

Unknown

Unknown

EGFR

L. rhamnosus GG

[55]

Indole

TLP4

Cell membrane

Unknown

B. infantis

[65]

  1. PRRs pattern recognition receptors, MAMPs microbial-associated molecular patterns, TLRs toll-like receptors, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, DC-SIGN dendritic cell specific intercellular adhesion molecule grabbing nonintegrin, Slp surface layer protein, CPS capsule polysaccharide, NOD nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing protein, LPS lipopolysaccharide, LTA lipoteichoic acid; p75 and p40, cell wall associated hydrolase, PG peptidoglycan