From: Surface components and metabolites of probiotics for regulation of intestinal epithelial barrier
MAMP | Probiotic | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PRR | PRR location | Co-receptor | Species | Refs | |
SlpA | DC-SIGN | Cell membrane | Unknown | L. acidophilus | [29] |
Flagellin | TLR5 | Cell membrane | Unknown | E. Coli Nissle 1917 | [35] |
Pili | TLR4 | Cell membrane | Mannose glycoproteins | E. Coli Nissle 1917 (type 1 pili) | [42] |
CPS | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | B. thetaiotaomicron | [48] |
LTA | TLR2 | Cell membrane | CD14 and CD36 | L. plantarum | [113] |
PG | TLR2-NOD1 (or NOD2) | Cell membrane–Cytoplasmic | CD14 | L. plantarum DAP-PG | [114] |
p40 p75 | Unknown | Unknown | EGFR | L. rhamnosus GG | [55] |
Indole | TLP4 | Cell membrane | Unknown | B. infantis | [65] |