Process engineering of pH tolerant Ustilago cynodontis for efficient itaconic acid production

Table 2 Itaconate production parameter of various fermentation conditions with U. cynodontis NBRC 9727 ∆fuz7^r ∆cyp3^r P_etefmttA P_ria1ria1

	Constant pH 3.6	pH shift 6–3.6	High nitrogen	Constant glucose feed
Titer (g L⁻¹)^a	44.5 ± 1.6	41.8 ± 0.3	83.0 ± 0.8	78.6
Y_P/S (g_ITA g ⁻¹_GLC )^b	0.39 ± 0.0	0.39 ± 0.0	0.30 ± 0.0	0.45
Y ^M_P/S (g_ITA g ⁻¹_GLC )^c	0.47 ± 0.0	0.44 ± 0.0	0.36 ± 0.0	0.61
r_p (g L⁻¹ h⁻¹)^d	0.23 ± 0.0	0.21 ± 0.0	0.59 ± 0.0	0.42
r ^M_p (g L⁻¹ h⁻¹)^e	0.38 ± 0.0	0.34 ± 0.0	1.4 ± 0.0	0.85

Errors indicate the standard error from the mean (n = 3) while fermentation with a constant glucose feed is a single representative culture
^aTiter: maximum itaconate concentration
^bY_P/S: overall yield of itaconate per consumed glucose
^cY ^M_P/S : maximum yield during the production phase
^dr_p: overall production rate
^er ^M_p : maximum production rate

ISSN: 1475-2859