Fig. 4
From: Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) for de novo production of l-DOPA from d-glucose
Proposed metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of l-DOPA in Escherichia coli. Double arrow indicates more enzyme reactions; Dashed lines indicate transcriptional inhibition; X indicates deleted genes; Bold arrow indicates overexpressed gene; galP galactose permease; glk glucokinase; G6P glucose-6-phosphate; F6P fructose-6-phosphate; G3P glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; PEP phosphoenolpyruvate; tkkA transketolase A; E4P erythrose 4-phosphate; 6PGL 6-phospho d-glucono-1,5-lactone; Ru5P ribulose-5-phosphate, X5P xylulose-5-phosphate, R5P ribose-5-phosphate; S7P Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate; DAHP 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase; CHA chorismate; PRE prephenate; HPPH 4 hydroxyphenylpyruvate; PHE phenylalanine; ppsA phosphoenolpyruvate synthase; tyrR tyrosine repressor; TCA tricarboxylic acid; tyrA chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydrogenase; tyrB tyrosine aminotransferase; aroF DAHP synthase feedback inhibited by tyrosine; aroG DAHP synthase feedback inhibited by phenylalanine; aroH DAHP synthase feedback inhibited by tryptophan; l-DOPA 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine; glpK glycerol kinase; glpD glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; tpiA triosephosphate isomerase; G3P glycerol-3-phosphate; DHAP dihydroxyacetone phosphate; EIICBGlc glucose-specific IICB component; EIIAGlc glucose-specific IIA component; pheA chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydratase