Table 1 Genome editing applications of CRISPR–Cas9 in non-conventional yeasts
From: CRISPR-mediated genome editing in non-conventional yeasts for biotechnological applications
Yeasts | Cas9 promoter | sgRNA promoter | Host strains | Target locus | NHEJ efficiency (positive colonies/total colonies) | HR efficiency (positive colonies/total colonies), donor length | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S. stipiti | ENO1 | SNR52 | UC7 | ADE2 | 83%, (5/6) | Â | [33] |
TRP1 | 100%, | ||||||
UC7 ku70Δku80Δ | ADE2 |  | 71%, (5/7), 500 bp HA | [35] | |||
TRP1 | 64%, (14/22), 50 bp HA | ||||||
UC7 | KU70 | 100%, (4/4) | Â | ||||
KU80 | 83%, (5/6) | Â | |||||
K. phaffii | HTA1 | HTB1 | CBS7435 | GUT1 | 94%, (79/84) | Â | [39] |
AOX1 | 95% | ||||||
GUT1+AOX1 | 69% | ||||||
MPP1 | 95% | ||||||
TRM1 | 94% | ||||||
MXR1 | 43% | ||||||
OCH1 | 51% | ||||||
CBS7435 ku70Δ | GUT1 |  | 91%, 1000 bp HA | [41] | |||
O. polymorpha | TDH3 | tRAN CUG | BY4330 | ADE12 | 45%, (48/106) | 47%, (186/394), 60 bp HA | [42] |
AaTEF1 | ScTDH3 | CBS4732 | ADE2 | 9% | Â | [43] | |
ScTEF1 | ScSNR52 | LEU2 | 58% | Â | [45] | ||
URA3 | 65% | Â | |||||
ADE2 | 62%, 1000 bp HA | ||||||
URA3+HIS3+LEU2 | 24%, 1000 bp HA | ||||||
O. thermomethanolica | AOX | AOX | TBRC656 | HAC1 | 63%, (15/24) | Â | [47] |
MAL1 | 97%, (126/130) | ||||||
MAL2 | 93%, (37/40) | ||||||
K. lactis | FBA1 | SNR52 | ATCC8585 Gal80Δ- Ku80Δ | DIT1+ADH1+NDT80 |  | 2%, 500 bp HA | [49] |
K. marxianus | ScPDC1 | ScSNR52 | NBR1777 Nej1Δ | URA3 |  | 84%, (18/19), 120 bp HA | [52] |
NBR1777 Dnl4Δ | 100%, (20/20), 120 bp HA | ||||||
NBR1777 Nej1Δ | Sed1 | 84%, (6/7), 50 bp HA | |||||
NBR1777 Dnl4Δ | 92%, (46/50), 50 bp HA | ||||||
TEF1 | RPR1-tRNA Gly | CBS6556 | XYL2 | Â | 66%, (68/90) | [53] | |
Y. lipolytica | UAS1B8-TEF1 | SCR1’- tRNA Gly | PO1f (ATCC MYA-2613) | KU70 PEX10 MFE1 | 100% 54%, (16/30) 90%, (27/30) |  | [55] |
PO1f Ku70Δ | PEX10 MFE1 |  | 86%, (30/35), 1000 bp HA 100%, (7/7), |  | |||
PO1f | MFE1 AXP XPR2 XDH XYR | Â | \( \left. \begin{aligned} 69\% , \hfill \\ 62\% , \hfill \\ 48\% , \hfill \\ 53\% , \hfill \\ 52\% \hfill \\ \end{aligned} \right\}1000 \; {\text{bp}}\;{\text{HA}} + {\text{GFP}} \) | [59] | |||
TEFin | TEFin | PO1f | TRP1 | 13%, (10/76) | Â | [55] | |
PO1f Ku70Δ PO1f Ku70ΔKu80Δ |  |  | \( \left. \begin{aligned} 1 1\% , \, \left( { 1 1/ 9 8} \right) \hfill \\ 100\% , \, \left( { 1 9/ 1 9} \right) \hfill \\ 100\% , \, \left( { 1 5/ 1 5} \right) \hfill \\ \end{aligned} \right\} 500{\text{ bp HA}} \) | [58] | |||
PO1f | PEX10 | Â | \( \left. \begin{aligned} 6 1\% , \, \left( { 1 7/ 2 8} \right) \hfill \\ 3 3\% , \, \left( { 4/ 1 2} \right) \hfill \\ \end{aligned} \right\} 500{\text{ bp HA}}\; {\text{in plasmid}} \) | ||||
TRP1+PEX10 | 37%, (15/40) | Â | |||||
TRP1+PEX10+GUT2 | 20%, (7/35) |