Fig. 2
From: CRISPR-mediated genome editing in non-conventional yeasts for biotechnological applications
Overview of the CRISPR–Cas9-mediated genome editing system. The Cas9 and sgRNA form a complex in vivo and then bind on the target DNA sequence upstream of PAM sequence. The Cas9 nuclease domain HNH then cleaves the target DNA sequence complementary to the 20 bp guide sequence, while RuvC domain cuts another DNA strand, forming a DSB. DSB must be repaired via either NHEJ or HR immediately to avoid cell death