Fig. 1

Overview of the de novo l-PAPA biosynthesis pathway from glycerol in E. coli. The scheme of reactions is modified from Gottlieb et al. [15]. Broken arrows indicate incomplete presentation of the metabolic pathway. AroF DAHP synthase, AroB dehydroquinate synthase, AroL shikimate kinase, AspC aspartate transaminase, GlpD glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GlpF glycerol facilitator, GlpK glycerol kinase, GlpX fructose-1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase, PabAB 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase, PapB 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate mutase, PapC 4-amino-4-deoxyprephenate dehydrogenase, TktA transketolase A, TyrB aromatic aminotransferase are presented