Fig. 1
From: Engineering the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce the aroma compound β-ionone
Pathway map for synthesis of β-ionone starting from acetyl-CoA. Enzyme abbreviations are as follows: Acetyl-CoA thiolase (ACAT), Acetoacetyl CoA synthase (NphT7), HMG-CoA synthase (HMGS), Truncated HMG-CoA reductase (tHMGR), Mevalonate kinase (MK), Phosphomevalonate kinase (PMK), Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (MPD), IPP isomerase (IPI), geranyl phosphate synthase (GPS) a fusion gene of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) and geranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPPS), a bifunctional lycopene cyclase/phytoene synthase (carRP), phytoene dehydrogenase (carB), and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 (CCD1). Blue enzymes represent pathway steps overexpressing native Y. lipolytica enzymes. Red names represent heterologous enzymes introduced. Spectra for β-ionone gas-chromatography peak (at ~ 14.7 min) (top) and corresponding mass spectra (bottom) analysis of dodecane extract layer. Small α-ionone peaks were observed at ~ 11.8 min. GC–MS data showed the recovered ionone with high purity