Fig. 7
Time course of products accumulation from phytosterols by ΔkstD1. 1.5 parts of HP-β-CD to 1 part phytosterols was used to enhance bioconversion. Black circle, 5 g L−1 phytosterols; green triangle, 10 g L−1 phytosterols; blue inverse triangle, 15 g L−1 phytosterols; red square, 20 g L−1 phytosterols. HP-β-CD with 1.5:1 ratio to phytosterols was employed to enhance the bioconversion. a The concentration of remained phytosterols. b–d Real-time yield of 4HP, HPD and AD, respectively. All assays were performed in triplicate. Standard deviations of the biological replicates are represented by error bars