Table 1 Hfq-dependent sRNAs involved in the stress response of E. coli growing in bioreactor
From: Improving E. coli growth performance by manipulating small RNA expression
Stressor | RNA | Length | Regulation | Physiological response | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Temperature | MicC | 109 | Increased at low temperature | Repression of porin synthesis OmpC | [25] |
MicF | 93 | Increased at high temperature | Repression of translation and stability of porin OmpF | [26] | |
DsrA | 87 | Increased at low temperature | Activation of translation of rpoS and inhibition of translation of hns | ||
Osmolarity | MicF | 93 | Induced by high osmolarity | Repression of translation and stability of porin OmpF | |
RprA | 105 | Induced by high osmolarity | Activation of translation of rpoS | ||
Iron | RyhB | 90 | Induced by limited iron | Repression of iron enzymes, TCA cycle and respiratory chain | |
Oxygen | OxyS | 109 | Induced by oxidative stress (H2O2); activated by OxyR | Repression of unneeded activities and protection against mutagenesis | [37] |
FnrS | 113 | Induced under anaerobic conditions; activated by FNR, ArcA and CRP | Repression of genes from anaerobic metabolism and oxidative stress | ||
Glucose | SgrS | 227 | Induced by glucose-phosphate or analogs; activated by SgrR | Prevent sugar uptake, reduce accumulated sugar-phosphates by repressing ptsG synthesis | |
CyaR | 87 | Induced by low glucose; activated by CRP | Repression of porin synthesis, membrane proteins, and synthetase enzymes | [42] | |
Spot42 | 109 | Induced by glucose; repressed by CRP | Decrease galactose utilization and non-preferred carbon source metabolism | ||
pH | GadY | 105, 90, 59 | Induced by low pH | Activation of acid resistance genes from the GDS | |
RprA | 105 | Induced by low pH | Activation of translation of rpoS | [47] | |
DsrA | 87 | Increased at low pH | Activation of translation of rpoS |