Table 1 Summary of protoplast-mediated transformation protocols for different fungal species
From: Methods for genetic transformation of filamentous fungi
Strain | Starting material | Number of protoplasts | Name of vectors | The concentration of DNA | Selective markers | Transformation efficiency (transformants/μg DNA) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trichoderma reesei QM 9414 and VTT-D-79125 | Mycelium | 5 × 107 to 5 × 108 | pSa143 containing the A. nidulans argB gene | 2–5 μg of transforming DNA | argB | 600 transformants | [16] |
T. reesei QM 9414 | Mycelium | 5 × 107–108 | pRLMEX30 (5.5 kb) | 1–6 μg of transforming DNA | hygB | 1800–2500 transfomants | |
N. crassa 74A | Mycelium | 1 × 107 | pVK88 | 60 μg/mL | qa-2 + | 5-30 transformants | [19] |
A. oryzae NRRL 492 | Mycelium | 2 × 106 | pILJ16 | 10 μg | argB | 5–10 transformants | |
M. purpureus NRRL 1596, M. ruber NRRL 1597 and M. purpureus IBCC1 | Mycelium | 1.8 × 108 | pULJL43 (4.6 kb) | 15 μg | Sh ble | M. purpureus NRRL 1596 (870 transformants), M. ruber NRRL1597 (137 transformants) and M. purpureus IBCC1 (43 transformants) | [22] |
Aspergillus giganteus IfGB15/0903 | Germinated conidia | 1 × 107 to 2.5 × 108 | pAN7-1 | 10 μg | hygB | 55 transformants per 1 × 107 protoplasts | [23] |