Fig. 1

Succinate dissimilation pathway for PA production. Principal reactions in E. coli’s central carbon metabolism are shown in black. The reported succinate dissimilation pathway encoded in the sbm operon is shown in blue. The reactions to complement the succinate pathway presented in this work appear in green. GLC glucose, DHAP dihydroxyacetone phosphate, PEP phosphoenolpyruvate, PYR pyruvate, ETOH ethanol, ACCOA acetyl-CoA, ACE acetate, OAA oxaloacetate, ISOC isocitrate, A_KETO α-ketoglutarate, SUCCOA succinyl-CoA, SUC succinate, FUM fumarate, MAL malate, MMCOA-S/R (R/S)-methylmalonyl CoA, PCOA propionyl-CoA, PROP propionate