Table 1 Summary of cultivation conditions in microtiter plates, shake flasks and bioreactors

Cultivation volume [mL]

1.25

150

2000

Shake/stirrer frequency [min⁻¹]

1000^a

130^b

500

Aeration rate [L min⁻¹] with air

–

–

3

k _L a value [h⁻¹]

150–200

30–50

75–85^c

pH value [–]

Unregulated

Unregulated

6.5