Fig. 4

a Comparison of hydroxylated naringenin production from CYP450 BM3 wild type, M13 and M15 in M9 minimal medium supplemented with 2 % glucose at 48 h of incubation with 50 µM naringenin. b The substrate concentration optimization of naringenin (50–800 µM) in biotransformation. c Cell growth at OD₆₀₀ nm while using various concentrations of naringenin during biotransformation. d The scale-up production of hydroxylated naringenin in 3-L fermentation at different time intervals. Standard deviations were calculated from the results of three independent experiments