Cellulases and beyond: the first 70 years of the enzyme producer Trichoderma reesei

Table 1 T. reesei genes used to engineer the ethanologenic yeast S. cerevisiae to a cellulose or hemicellulose degrader

Genes expressed^a	Enzyme localization	Substrate	Ethanol (g/l)	Y_EtOH (% theory)^b	Reference
cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus}	Cell surface display (CSD)	45 g/l β-glucan	16.5	93	[160]
xyn2 + xylA _{A. oryzae}	CSD	100 g/l birchwood xylan	7.1	59	[161]
cel6a, cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus}	CSD	10 g/l phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC)	2.9	89	[162]
cel7a	Secretion	PASC, bacterial microcrystalline cellulose	–	–	[163]
cel6a, cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus}	CSD	20 g/l PASC	7.1	75	[164]
cel6a, cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus}	CSD	100 g/l pretreated rice straw	7.5	33	[164]
cel6a, cel7a + 20 other cellobiohydrolases	Secretion	20 g/l avicel cellulose	3	33	[165]
cel6a, cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus} + swo1	CSD	20 g/l PASC	3.4	36	[166]
cel6a, cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus} + cdt1 _{N. crassa}	CSD	20 g/l PASC	4.3	45	[115]
cel6a, cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus} + commercial cellulase	CSD	100 g/l avicel cellulose	48.9	87	[167]
cel6a, cel5a + bglA _{A. aculeatus} + commercial cellulase	CSD	200 g/l rice straw	42.2	86	[167]
xyn2, xylA _{A. oryzae} , bglA _{A. aculeatus}	CSD	Slurry from rice straw pretreatment containing ~20 g/l poly-, oligo- and monomeric sugars	4.0	39	[151]
cel5a + cbh1 _{T. emersonii} fused to CBM of cel7a + bglA _{A. aculeatus}	CSD and secretion	10 g/l PASC	2.6 and 2.9	87 and 82	[168]

^a Genes are derived from T. reesei or from the species given in subscript
^b Based on a stochiometry of 0.51 g ethanol per g consumed sugar. Residual sugars in non-hydrolyzed substrates were considered when the data were available

ISSN: 1475-2859