High yield 1,3-propanediol production by rational engineering of the 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde bottleneck in Citrobacter werkmanii

Table 4 Comparison of batch cultivations [glycerol (Gly), or glycerol and glucose (Glu + Gly)] with C. werkmanii ∆dhaD∆ldhA∆adhE::ChlFRT

Strain	Yield (mol PDO/mol glycerol)	Residual concentration (mM)		Metabolite concentration (mM)					CDW
Strain	Yield (mol PDO/mol glycerol)	Glycerol	Glucose	PDO	Acetate	Ethanol	Lactate	Succinate	CDW
Gly	0.72 ± 0.05	93.14 ± 1.97	ND	404.80 ± 8.51	166.76 ± 3.49	BDL	5.86 ± 0.01	25.74 ± 0.44	38.83 ± 2.07
Glu + Gly	0.73 ± 0.01	BDL	16.51 ± 0.03	422.01 ± 19.37	266.19 ± 11.50	33.11 ± 4.74	10.60 ± 0.38	62.81 ± 2.76	64.82 ± 2.84

The strain was grown on bioreactor scale in fermentation medium under anaerobic conditions. The cell dry weight is estimated from OD_600nm measurements as described in “Methods” section. The values are the average of two experiments with their corresponding standard deviations
ND not determined, BDL below detection limit

ISSN: 1475-2859