Fig. 3

Growth profile and gas uptake data with varying conditions. Gaseous substrate uptake was monitored for batch culture (grown on methane or methanol) and continuous culture (O₂ or methane-limiting conditions). a Unrestricted growth profile with headspace O₂ and methane concentration. Unrestricted growth rate for M. buryatense 5GB1, μ_max = 0.224 h⁻¹. b Unrestricted batch growth on methanol (air was continuously supplied) yielded slower growth compared to methane μ = 0.217 h⁻¹. c Continuous growth under O₂ limitation. The culture was supplied with a continuous gas stream at 100 sccm containing 5 % O₂ and 20 % methane. Dilution rate was set to D = 0.122 h⁻¹ and resulted in a stable cell dry weight concentration of ~700 mg L⁻¹. d Continuous growth under methane limitation. A feed blend of 2.5 % methane in air was supplied at mass flow rate of 100sccm and dilution rate was fixed at D = 0.122 h⁻¹. A stable cell density of ~400 mg L⁻¹ resulted under these conditions