Fig. 2

Schematic representation of the crocetin dialdehyde-producing Z1pC strain and the effect of culture temperatures on the growth and crocetin dialdehyde production in flask fermentations. (A) Schematic representation of crocetin dialdehyde-producing Z1pC strain construction via the codon-optimized synthetic CsCCD2 gene expression on a plasmid in the zeaxanthin-producing ZEA-1. (B) Cell growth of the Z1pC strain was grown in flasks and monitored at four culture temperatures. An arrow indicates the time of shifting from 30 to 20 ℃. (C) HPLC, UV/Vis, and LC-MS analysis of the extract of the Z1pC strains grown at 20 ℃. In the HPLC chromatogram, peak 1 corresponds to crocetin dialdehyde and peak 2, zeaxanthin. (D) Quantification of crocetin dialdehyde and zeaxanthin in the Z1pC strains grown at four different temperatures. All experiments were performed in biological triplicate, and error bars represent mean ± standard deviation (SD)