Production of lipopeptide biosurfactants by Bacillus atrophaeus 5-2a and their potential use in microbial enhanced oil recovery

Table 1 Dry cell weight (g L⁻¹), crude biosurfactant yield (g L⁻¹), oil spreading (cm), emulsification index (%), and surface tension (mN m⁻¹) obtained for Bacillus atrophaeus 5-2a grown in mineral salt solution with different carbon sources at 30 °C for 5 days

Carbon source	Dry cell weight (g L⁻¹)	Crude biosurfactant yield (g L⁻¹)	Oil spreading (cm)	Emulsification index (%)	Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)
Brown sugar	0.56 ± 0.0071c	0.95 ± 0.071b	18.4 ± 0.10b	61.81 ± 0.98a	26.12 ± 0.085c
Sucrose	0.37 ± 0.028e	0.74 ± 0.085c	18.1 ± 0.16c	56.76 ± 0.25c	26.32 ± 0.035b
Glucose	0.33 ± 0.021e	0.53 ± 0.071d	17.2 ± 0.12e	58.34 ± 0.33b	26.38 ± 0.035b
Maltose	0.86 ± 0.035a	0.82 ± 0.085bc	18.2 ± 0.10bc	54.80 ± 0.18d	26.11 ± 0.028c
Starch	0.51 ± 0.014cd	0.71 ± 0.071c	17.7 ± 0.12d	56.85 ± 0.13c	26.39 ± 0.099b
Mannitol	0.48 ± 0.0071d	1.11 ± 0.042a	19.6 ± 0.071a	54.11 ± 0.085d	25.82 ± 0.028d
Glycerol	0.80 ± 0.014b	0.72 ± 0.028c	17.8 ± 0.12d	57.43 ± 0.14bc	26.32 ± 0.057b
Paraffin	0.14 ± 0.028f	0.06 ± 0.028e	8.2 ± 0.16f	0.00 ± 0.00e	40.49 ± 0.057a

Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Different superscript letters within a column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) by Duncan’s multiple range test

ISSN: 1475-2859