Figure 2
From: Metabolic engineering of microorganisms for the production of L-arginine and its derivatives
Systems metabolic engineering strategies. The metabolic engineering strategies used for the construction of microbial strains producing ARG, ORN, putrescine and cyanophycin are shown. Increased and decreased gene expression levels are shown in green and orange arrows. Purple arrows indicate reactions carried out by chemical means. The pgi encodes phosphoglucose isomerase, zwf encodes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pgl encodes 6-phosphogluoconolactonase, gnd encodes 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, tkt encodes transketolase and tal encodes transaldolase. Gene deletion is indicated with red crosses. GABA, gamma-aminobutyrate; Ac-putrescine, acetyl-putrescine; G6P, glucose-6-phosphate; F6P, fructose-6-phosphate; F1,6P, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate; 6PGL, 6-phosphogluconolactone; 6PG, 6-phosphogluconate; Ru5P, ribulose-5-phosphate; R5P, ribose-5-phosphate; G3P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; X5P, xylulose-5-phosphate; S7P, sedoheptulose-7-phosphate; E4P, erythrose-4-phosphate; A, ARG; O, ORN; P, putrescine.