Table 1 Comparison of icaritin production using different enzymes and reaction conditions
From: Highly efficient bioconversion of icariin to icaritin by whole-cell catalysis
Organism(s) | Enzyme(s) | Substrate | Reaction conditions (type, temperature, pH, time) | Icaritin (g/L) | Yield rate (%) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Novosphingobium sp. GX9 and Paenibacillus cookii GX-4 | α-L-rhamnosidase and β-glucosidase | 25 g/L icariin | One-pot enzymatic reaction, 55 °C, pH 8.5, 5 h | 9.85 | 72.43% | This study |
α-L-rhamnosidase and β-glucosidase | 200 g/L icariin | Whole-cell catalysis, 55 °C, pH 9.0, 4 h | 103.69 | 95.23% | This study | |
Talaromyces stollii CLY-6 and Sanguibacter keddieii DSM 10,542 | α-L-rhamnosidase and β-glucosidase | 20 g/L epimedin C | Two-step enzymatic reaction, 1st: 45 °C, pH 4.5, 40 min, 2nd: 30 °C, pH 7.5, 20 min | 8.85 | 98.66% | [16] |
Thermotoga petrophila DSM 13,995 | α-L-rhamnosidase and β-glucosidase | 1 g/L epimedin C | Two-step enzymatic reaction, 1st: 90 °C, pH 4.5, 100 min; 2nd: 90 °C, pH 4.5, 50 min | 0.43 | 96.90% | [29] |
Dictyoglomus thermophilum DSM3960 | α-L-rhamnosidase and glucosidase | 5 g/L TFEa | Two-step enzymatic reaction, 1st: 80 °C, pH 5.5, 2 h; 2nd: 80 °C, pH 5.5, 2 h | 0.21 | 64.54% | [17] |
Dityoglomus thermophilum DSM3960 | Immobilized α-L-rhamnosidase and β-glucosidase | 10 g/L TFE | One-pot enzymatic reaction, 85 °C, pH 6.0, 2 h | 0.57 | 87.21% | [19] |
Aspergillus sp.y848 | Glycosidase | 10 g/L icariin | One-pot enzymatic reaction, 40 °C, pH 5.0, 18–20 h | 5.04 | 92.50% | [26] |
Talaromyces stollii CLY-6 | Immobilized α-L-rhamnosidase and β-glucosidase | 100 g/L epimedin C | One-pot enzymatic reaction, 55 °C, pH 5.0, 8 h | 34.24 | 77.45% | [20] |
Aspergillus terreus CCF3059 and Thermotoga thermarum DSM5069 | α-L-rhamnosidase and β-glucosidase | 0.5 g/L icariin | Two-step enzymatic reaction, 1st: 65 °C, pH 5.5, 6 h; 2nd: 85 °C, pH 5.5, 80 min | 0.25 | 91.20% | [18] |