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Fig. 1 | Microbial Cell Factories

Fig. 1

From: Machine learning for data integration in human gut microbiome

Fig. 1

Complex interplay between the gut microbiome and human metabolism. A number of factors, including genetics, age, diet, drugs, probiotics and exercise could influence the gut microbiome. The effects of the gut microbiome on human health have been potentially mediated by the microbe-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), bile acids, indoles and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). The microbial metabolites could interact with different human organs, including brain, heart, liver, intestine and adipose tissue, which will hence affect human metabolism. Due to the complex interactions, high-throughput technologies have been widely applied to generate multi-omics data, including gut metagenomics, host genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics from different human tissues, which provides more insights into the associations between the gut microbiota and the host

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