Skip to main content
Fig. 4 | Microbial Cell Factories

Fig. 4

From: Co-cultures of Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cooperatively upgrade sunflower seed milk to high levels of vitamin B12 and multiple co-benefits

Fig. 4

Performance of co-cultures on sunflower seed milk. The data comprise time-resolved changes for P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 (column 1), a dual co-culture of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 and L. paracasei subsp. paracasei NCC 2511 (inoculated at 1:1 ratio, column 2), a dual co-culture of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177 and B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156 (inoculated at 1000:1 ratio, column 3), and a triple co-culture of P. freudenreichii NCC 1177, B. amyloliquefaciens NCC 156, and L. paracasei subsp. paracasei NCC 2511 (inoculated at 500:500:1 ratio, column 4). Shown are vitamin B12 content (A), living cell number (B), sugar content (C), organic acid content (D), extracellular amino acid content (E), total amino acid content (F), and protein quality (G), expressed as in vitro protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS). The cultivation was carried out at 30 °C for 72 h, including an initial 48 h anaerobic phase, followed by a 24 h aerobic phase. n = 3

Back to article page

Microbial Cell Factories

ISSN: 1475-2859

Contact us