Factors regulating cellulolytic gene expression in filamentous fungi: an overview

Mattam, Anu Jose; Chaudhari, Yogesh Babasaheb; Velankar, Harshad Ravindra

doi:10.1186/s12934-022-01764-x

Microbial Cell Factories

Table 2 Strategies for engineering cellulase expression in Trichoderma reesei and Penicillium sp

From: Factors regulating cellulolytic gene expression in filamentous fungi: an overview

Transcription factor	Organism	Strategy	Observation	References
Xyr1	T. reesei	Overexpression of xyr1 under the control of tcu1 promoter	Cellulase activities in presence of glucose and glycerol; no catabolite repression	[44]
	T. reesei	Overexpression of xyr1	Cellulase expression in presence of D-xylose; no catabolite repression	[45]
	T. reesei	Overexpression of xyr1 under the control of constitutive pdc promoter along with downregulation of Ace1	Significant enhancement in cellulase activity	[46]
	T. reesei	Expression of fused transcription factor with DNA-binding domain of xyr1 and the transactivation domain of ypr1 or ypr2	Expression of xylanases and cellulases in the presence of non-inducing carbon sources	[48]
	T. reesei	Deletion of xyr1	Reduction of cellobiohydrolase, β-xylosidase, β-glucosidase, α-arabinofuranosidase, α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase activities	[43]
	T. harzianum	Constitutive expression of xyr1 under pkiI promoter	threefold increase in FPase and 1.5-fold increase in β-glucosidase activities, which resulted in 26-fold improvement in saccharification	[55]
Xyr1	P. funiculosum	Deletion (ΔxlnR) and overexpression (xlnR +) of the xlnR gene	Reduced mycelial growth in ΔxlnR strain Increased protein secretion and expression of xylanases and endoglucanses in xlnR + strain	[56]
XlnR	P. oxalicum	Overexpression of mutated xlnR (A871V) with ClrB and deletion of creA Expression of cellulase genes cbh1, cbh2 and eg1	8.9-fold increased cellulase expression and 51.5-fold increase in xylanase production	[57]
XlnR	P. oxalicum	Overexpression of T. reesei (xyr1) and Neurospora crassa (xlr-1), with their active mutants (xyr1^A824V and xlr-1^A828V)	Increased cellulase production by 2.8 fold	[58]
Ace2	T. reesei	Deletion of ace2	Reduction in cellobiohydrolases I, II and endoglucanase activities by 30–70%	[59]
	T. reesei	Disruption of ace2	Reduction of cellulase expression in presence of cellulose, but not in the presence of α-sophorose	[25]
	T. reesei	Overexpression of Ace2	twofold increase in cellulase activities	[60]
Ace3	T. reesei	Overexpression of Ace3 Deletion of Ace3	1.5-fold increase in cellulase and xylanase activity Reduction in cellulase and hemicellulase activities and xyr1 expression	[31]
	T. reesei	Deletion of Ace3	Reduction in cellulase and hemicellulase production, Downregulation of xyr1 and 22 cellulase-related and 15 hemicellulase-related genes	[61]
	T. orientalis	Overexpression of ace3 and xyr1	2.34-fold improvement in cellulase secretion twofold increase in FPase and CMCase with glucose as carbon source	[64]
Cre1	T. reesei	cre1 binding sites of cbh1 promoter replaced with ace2 and Hap2/3/5 complex	Increased FPase and CMCase activities 39% and 30%, respectiverly	[95]
	T. reesei, A. nidulans	Deletion or truncation of cre1	Smaller colonies with fewer aerial hyphae and spores; cellulase and hemicellulase production in presence of glucose	[94]
	T. reesei	Deletion of cre1 and truncation (cre 1–96)	Morphological abnormalities leading to reduced growth twofold increase in cellulase activities	[96]
Mig1	P. funiculosum NCIM1228	Replacement of MiG1 with truncated Mig1⁸⁸	twofold higher cellulase production in strain with truncated Mig1	[83]
Ace 1	T. reesei	Deletion of ace1	Increased expression of cbh1, cbh2, egl1, xyn1 and xyn2 inducing conditions (cellulose or sophorose)	[104]
Xpp1	T. reesei	Deletion of xpp1	Reduced expression of xyn1, xyn2, and bxl2	[112]
SxlR	T. reesei	Deletion of sxlR	1.4-fold increased in xylanase activity	[114]
Pac1	T. reesei	Deletion of pac1	fivefold increase in cbh and bgl expression	[133]
CLR1 and CLR2	N. crassa	Overexpression of clr-2	Expression and secretion cellulases in presence of glucose	[134]
Vib1	T. reesei	Overexpression of vib-1	200% increase in the cellulases secretion	[142]
Rxe1	T. reesei	Knockdown of rxe1 using a Cu-mediated RNAi system	Defective conidiation and reducd expression of Xyr1 and cellulase genes	[144]
Are1	T. reesei	Deletion of are1	Significant reduction in the expression and secretion of proteases	[145]
Ctf1	T. reesei	Deletion of the ctf1	36.9% increase in cellulase production	[146]
Rce2	T. reesei	Overexpression of Rce2	Reduced cellulase and hemicellulase production	[147]
Azf1	T. reesei	Deletion of Azf1	Reduced cellulase expression	[149]

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ISSN: 1475-2859

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