Table 1 Fermentation profiles of engineered S. cerevisiae strains during growth in YP media containing 0.05% glucose (w/v) mixed with 2% xylose or 10% xylose* (w/v) at day 8 or day 14* of fermentation which provide maximal xylitol concentrations, respectively

Initial DCW (g/L)

0

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

Final DCW (g/L)

Day 8

Day 14*

0.99 ± 0.02

1.30 ± 0.01

0.95 ± 0.06

1.16 ± 0.02

0.53 ± 0.03

0.88 ± 0.04

1.67 ± 0.08

1.47 ± 0.03

2.19 ± 0.06

3.14 ± 0.03

Biomass specific rates (g/L/h)

Day 8

Day 14*

0.005

0.004

0.005

0.003

0.003

0.003

0.009

0.004

0.011

0.009

Xylose residues (g/L)

Day 8

Day 14*

15.71 ± 0.02

57.13 ± 0.53

14.70 ± 0.04

49.90 ± 0.21

18.55 ± 0.07

76.81 ± 2.33

3.34 ± 0.03

41.05 ± 1.10

3.12 ± 0.04

34.29 ± 2.51

Xylitol (g/L)

Day 8

Day 14*

0.29 ± 0.02

0.94 ± 0.05

0.48 ± 0.04

1.0 ± 0.04

0.27 ± 0.00

0.50 ± 0.01

0.63 ± 0.04

4.06 ± 0.06

1.26 ± 0.04

12.14 ± 0.8

Xylose consumption (g/L/h)

Day 8

Day 14*

0.02

0.09

0.02

0.11

0.005

0.04

0.08

0.14

0.09

0.16

Xylose consumption rate (g/g CDW/h)

Day 8

Day 14*

0.02

0.07

0.03

0.13

0.01

0.05

0.05

0.09

0.04

0.05

Xylitol yield (g/g) of consumed xylose

Day 8

Day 14*

0.08

0.03

0.10

0.03

0.14

0.05

0.04

0.09

0.08

0.23

Percentage change in CDW improvement

Day 8

Day 14*

–

–

− 3.67

− 10.78

− 46.17

− 32.31

+ 68.48

+ 13.00

 + 120.81

 + 114.90

Maximum Percentage change in xylitol yield

Day 8

Day 14*

–

–

 + 68.42

 + 6.95

− 5.26

− 46.81

 + 119.30

 + 334.22

 + 340.35

 + 1198.90