Table 1 Strains used and constructed in this study

W303

MATα can1-100 ade2-1 his3-11,15 leu2-3 trp1-1 ura3-1

MCB, KU Leuven

GSE16-T18HAA1

Industrial 2G xylose-fermenting and inhibitor-tolerant strain

GSE16-T18 with C.1517 G>A mutation in both copies of HAA1

[46]

TN7

GSE16-T18HAA1 aro3∆ ARO4^K229L

This study

TN8

TN7 MTH1^∆M41-T78

This study

TN9

TN8 pdc1::MApw

MApw being TDH3p - HQD2_Ca - ADH1t, ADH1p - aroY-C^iso - ADH2t, TEF1p - aroZ_Pan - CYC1t

This study

TN10

TN9 IS2.1:: FBA1p - PAD1 - ADH1t

IS2.1, integrative site NC_001134:g.140631^14632 (yeast 2015)

This study

TN5

TN10 pdc6::Mapw

Mapw being TDH3p - HQD2_Ca - ADH1t, ADH1p - aroY-C^iso - ADH2t, TEF1p - aroZ_Pan - CYC1t

This study

TN6

TN5 pdc5::Mapw

Mapw being TDH3p - HQD2_Ca - ADH1t, ADH1p - aroY-C^iso - ADH2t, TEF1p - aroZ_Pan - CYC1t

TN6-1, TN6-2, TN6-3, TN6-4 and TN6-5 are independent transformants

This study

TN14

TN6-1 IS16.2:: PGK1p - AGDC1 - TPS1t

IS16.2, integrative site NC_001148:g.621736^621737 (yeast 2015)

This study

[20]

TN15

TN6-1 IS16.2:: PGK1p - TaGDC1 - TPS1t

IS16.2, integrative site NC_001148:g.621736^621737 (yeast 2015)

This study

[20]

TN16

TN6-1 aroY-C^iso (WT)

aroY-C^{iso, I218V} in TN6-1 at PDC5 locus to wild type aroY-C^iso

This study

TN22

TN6-1 IS16.2:: PGK1p - aroY-C^iso - TKL1t

IS16.2, integrative site NC_001148:g.621736^621737 (yeast 2015)

This study