Fig. 4

Platform robustness and comparability. Technical repeatability investigation between the manual and automated handling platforms; a Western blotting and subsequent densitometry analysis showing the presence of ExoA-CPS4 glycoproteins in periplasmic extracts; b Sandwich ELISA analysis of periplasmic extracts obtained from both manual and automated cultures; Biological repeatability investigation of three glycoconjugate-producing strains repeated over two separate experimental weeks; c Relative quantification of CPS4 glycan and ExoA protein based on pixel intensity normalised to a common control condition; d OD₆₀₀ of cultures measured pre-induction and at harvest. Statistical significance (*) using an unequal variance two-tailed t-test is considered when p ≤ 0.05