Fig. 1
From: New aspects of microbial vitamin K2 production by expanding the product spectrum
The biosynthesis pathways of menaquinone in isoforms from Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. coelicolor [26, 37, 41]. Menaquinone biosynthesis is a complex process involving multiple metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the shikimate pathway, the MEP or MVA pathway, as well as the classical MK pathway or futalosine pathway. a The important intermediates chorismate and polyisoprene are synthesized from the precursors G3P, pyruvate and E4P. b The classical pathway and the futalosine pathway for the biosynthesis of menaquinone. Enzymes are displayed in different colors in different pathways. Red typeface indicates several important intermediate metabolites