Fig. 1
From: Microbial production of ectoine and hydroxyectoine as high-value chemicals
Ectoine biosynthesis and biodegradation pathways. Ask l-aspartate kinase, Asd l-aspartate-β-semialdehyde-dehydrogenase, EctB l-2,4-diaminobutyrate aminotransferase, EctA l-2,4-diaminobutyrate -acetyltransferase, EctC ectoine synthase, EctD ectoine hydroxylase, EutABC? hypothesized enzymes for hydroxyectoine degradation, DoeA ectoine hydrolase, DoeB N-α-acetyl-l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid deacetylase, DoeD diaminobutyric acid transaminase, DoeC Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, TeaABC TRAP transporter for ectoine, ? unknown efflux system for ectoine, MSC mechanosensitive channels