Fig. 2

Long-term efficacy of FMT monotherapy or routine therapy for recurrent active UC. a Mayo scores at baseline (pretreatment) and post-treatment at week 4 and week 8 in the two groups. Compared with the control group (n = 10), the baseline value showed no significant difference (* P = 0.899), while the value was significantly decreased when reassessed at week 4 (# P = 0.001) and week 8 (## P = 0.019) after FMT treatment (n = 9 FMT responders). b Mayo scores after long-term follow-up in the two groups; the scores were not significantly different between the two groups when reassessed after 6 months (P = 0.691). c Fresh FMT monotherapy resulted in a median of 24 months (range, 6–38) of remission. Routine therapy also achieved a median of 24 months (range, 7–35) remission (95% CI 68.26–131.7%). Monotherapy with a single fresh FMT can achieve long-term remission without drugs in patients with recurrent active UC. There was no significant difference in the maintenance of remission in patients treated with a single FMT compared with the control patients (P = 0.895), but patients with active UC who received FMT seemed to achieve clinical remission more quickly