Table 1 (+)-Nootkatone production in different microorganisms using various engineering approaches

E. coli

Using recombinant E. coli expressing CYP109B1 from B. subtilis as whole cell biocatalyst for the oxidation of in vitro fed (+)-valencene

3.32 mg/L

[17]

S. cerevisiae

Using yeast WAT11 expressing CYP71D51v2 from N. tabacum as whole cell biocatalyst for the oxidation of in vitro fed (+)-valencene

3.00 mg/L

[10]

Chaetomium globosum

Using submerged cultures of C. globosum as whole cell biocatalyst for the oxidation of in vitro fed (+)-valencene

25.00 mg/L

[39]

Yarrowia lipolytica

Using Y. lipolytica as the whole cell biocatalyst for the oxidation of (+)-valencene (3.3 g/L) in the fed orange essential oil in a three phase partitioning bioreactor

852.30 mg/L

[38]

S. cerevisiae

Co-expression of (+)-valencene synthase Cstps1 with a chicory cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase CYP71AV8

0.04 mg/L

[18]

S. cerevisiae

Co-expression of (+)-valencene synthase CnVS with a (+)-valencene oxidase CYP706M1 from C. nootkatensis

0.144 mg/L

[20]

P. pastoris

Co-expression of CnVS, HPO and ADH-C-3 in combination with overexpression tHMG1 in P. pastoris

35.00 mg/L (flask fermentation)

208.00 mg/L (fed-batch fermentation)

[23]

S. cerevisiae

Combining CnVS overexpression with various MVA pathway engineering approaches including the expression of CnVS and ERG20 as fused proteins, overexpression of tHMG1, and downregulating the ERG9 competitive pathway; achieve (+)-valencene oxidation by simultaneous overexpression of HPO and dehydrogenases ZSD1

59.78 mg/L

The present study