Fig. 1

Repeated fed-batch cultivation of two cycles under different glucose concentrations at 25 °C and pH 6.5. a Repeated fed-batch culture with initial glucose monohydrate concentration 27 g/L and maintenance concentration 5–15 g/L of glucose; b Repeated fed-batch culture with initial glucose monohydrate concentration 27 g/L and maintenance concentration 15–27 g/L of glucose; c Repeated fed-batch culture with initial glucose monohydrate concentration 45 g/L and maintenance concentration 27–45 g/L of glucose