Fig. 2

Nutrient supplementation assays with Escherichia coli LW06. OMSW fibre hydrolysate was supplemented with a range of nutrient sources and grown with E. coli LW06 over 48 h. All growth curves are averages of three biological replicates. Error bars show standard deviation from the mean. a Growth of E. coli on OMSW fibre hydrolysate supplemented with either MOPS defined medium components (‘Hydrolysate + Min. med.’) or 40 mM MOPS buffer (‘Hydrolysate (neat)’). Growth of E. coli on MOPS defined medium with 5% d-glucose (‘Min. med. + 5% glucose’) shown as positive control. b Growth of E. coli on OMSW fibre hydrolysate supplemented with either 0.3 mM K₂SO₄ (‘Hydrolysate + S’), 10 mM NH₄Cl (‘Hydrolysate + N’) or 0.5 mM K₂HPO₄ (‘Hydrolysate + P’) (concentrations the same as MOPS defined medium). ‘Hydrolysate + Min. med.’ and ‘Min. med. + 5% glucose’ as in a (growth assays repeated in parallel for comparison). c Growth of E. coli on OMSW fibre hydrolysate supplemented with either 10 mM NH₄Cl and 0.5 mM K₂HPO₄ (‘Hydrolysate + N & P), 0.5 mM K₂HPO₄ and 0.3 mM K₂SO₄ (‘Hydrolysate + P & S), or 0.5 mM K₂HPO₄, 10 mM NH₄Cl and 0.3 mM K₂SO₄ (‘Hydrolysate + P, N & S’). Concentrations used are the same as for MOPS defined medium. ‘Hydrolysate + Min. med.’ as in a (growth assay repeated in parallel for comparison). d Growth of E. coli on OMSW fibre hydrolysate supplemented with 1% vitamin-enriched yeast extract (‘Hydrolysate + 1% VYE’) or an excess of ammonium and phosphate (20 mM NH₄Cl and 1 mM K₂HPO₄) (‘Hydrolysate + N & P (excess)’). ‘Hydrolysate + N & P’ as in c and ‘Hydrolysate (neat)’ as in a (growth assays repeated in parallel for comparison)