Table 2 Studies on the effect of CO₂ levels on the accumulation of lipids in different species of microalgae

Chlorella sp. BTA 9031

3% (v/v)

Accumulated 25% of lipid as a percentage of dry cell weight

[98]

Chlamydomonas sp. JSC4

4% (v/v)

Generated maximum lipid content (65.3%) and productivity (169.1 mg/L/day)

[99]

Chlorococcum littorale

5% (v/v)

Lipid content increased up to 34% wt

[100]

Scenedesmus obliquus CNW-N

The optimal CO2 consumption rate was 1420.6 mg/L/day

The highest productivity of lipid (140.35 mg/L/day) is achieved

[101]

Synechocystis sp. PCC6803

3% (v/v)

The total lipid content increased up to 14% of dry weight

[102]

Porosira glacialis

20–25% levels of CO₂

The total lipid content increased from 8.91 to 10.57% in cell dry mass

Docosahexaenoic acid content increased from 3.90 to 5.75%

EPA decreased from 26.59 to 23.66%

[103]

Attheya longicornis

20–25% levels of CO₂

Did not show any significant increase in total lipid content

[103]

Nannochloropsis oculata

3% (v/v)

Demonstrated high lipid content (53.2 wt%)

[104]

Scenedesmus sp.

10% CO₂

Lipid productivity reached up to 20.65 mg/L/day

[105]

Chlorella vulgaris

30% CO₂

The highest lipid content (45.68%) and lipid productivity (86.03 mg/L/day) is obtained

[106]