Fig. 5

Effects of reaction condition on HsUBIAD1 activity using phylloquinone (VK₁) and menadione (VK₃) as the donor of naphthoquinone ring. a Effects of pH on HsUBIAD1 activity (at 37 °C, without metallic ions); b Effects of temperature on HsUBIAD1 activity (at initial pH 7.0, without metallic ions); c Effects of metallic ions on HsUBIAD1 activity (at pH 7.0 and 31 °C), NC, negative control, without metallic ions