Fig. 3

The effects of the different FRDP on the root architecture of the cucumber seedlings. a Effect of TgSWO on the root architecture of the cucumber. Cucumber seedlings (15-day-old) grew for 48 h with 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM TgSWO, respectively, and CK without TgSWO was also performed under the same conditions as mentioned above. b Effect of TgSWO on the root morphology of the cucumber seedlings. Cucumber seedlings (15-day-old) grew for 48 h with 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 μM TgSWO, respectively, and CK without TgSWO was as indicated above. c Effect of TgSWO and the different FRDP on the growth of cucumber seedlings. Cucumber seedlings grew for 48 h with SWO (treated with 15 µM TgSWO), ΔCBD (7 µM ΔCBD protein) and ΔYoaJ (10 µM ΔYoaJ protein), respectively, and CK without any proteins was also performed under the same conditions as mentioned above. d, e Effect of TgSWO and different FRDP on the root morphology of the root tips and root hairs of cucumber seedlings after being treated with different FRDP. Each treatment had three biological replicates, and each replicate was represented by at least 15 independent roots