Fig. 5

Transcriptional analysis of the cephalosporin biosynthetic genes. a The cephalosporin C biosynthetic pathway. ACV, tripeptide δ-(l-α-aminoadipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine; IPN: isopenicillin N; PenN: Penicillin N; DAOC: deacetoxycephalosporin C; DAC: deacetylcephalosporin C; CPC: cephalosporin C. b The relative transcriptional level of the cephalosporin biosynthetic genes. The relative abundance of mRNAs was standardized against the level of actin gene. The gray columns and black columns represent the relative gene transcriptions of WT and ∆Acatg8, respectively. Error bars show standard deviations of three independent experiments. The asterix indicates that the differences between strains are significant. p < 0.001***; p < 0.01**; p < 0.05*