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Fig. 3 | Microbial Cell Factories

Fig. 3

From: Metabolic flux analysis in Ashbya gossypii using 13C-labeled yeast extract: industrial riboflavin production under complex nutrient conditions

Fig. 3

Relative contribution of 13C tracers to amino acids from hydrolyzed cell protein and glycogen of A. gossypii B2 grown on complex medium with rapeseed oil. The 13C labeling patterns of the amino acids were obtained at the end of the growth phase after 36 h. Respective contribution of [U13C] yeast extract (purple), [13C5] glutamate (light blue), and other media components (grey) are depicted by the bar next to the respective amino acid. The full length bar represents 100%. Data represent summed fractional labelings (SFLcorr), corrected for natural labeling and dilution effects through unlabeled pre-culture medium. Data were obtained from three independent replicates. Note that the conversion of citrate to isocitrate via aconitase most likely does not occur in the peroxisome [68]. 3PG, 3-phosphoplycerate; CH2-THF, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate; AcCoA, acetyl-CoA; AKG, α-ketoglutarate; ALA, alanine; ARG, arginine; ASP, aspartate; CHO-THF, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate; CIT, citrate; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; E4P, erythrose 4-phosphate; F6P, fructose 6-phosphate; FA, fatty acids; FOR, formate; G3P, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; GAR, glycineamide ribonucleotide; GLU, glutamate; GLY, glycine; GLYC, glycerol; GLYOX, glyoxylate; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; HIS, histidine; ICIT, isocitrate; ILE, isoleucine; LEU, leucine; MAL, malate; OAA, oxaloacetate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PHE, phenylalanine; PP pathway, pentose phosphate pathway; PRO, proline; PYR, pyruvate; R5P, ribose 5-phosphate; Ru5P, ribulose 5-phosphate; S7P, sedoheptulose 7-phosphate; SER, serine; TCA cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle; THF, tetrahydrofolate; THR, threonine; TYR, tyrosine; VAL, valine; Xu5P, xylulose 5-phosphate; YE, yeast extract

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