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Fig. 6 | Microbial Cell Factories

Fig. 6

From: Engineering of glycerol utilization in Gluconobacter oxydans 621H for biocatalyst preparation in a low-cost way

Fig. 6

Scheme of xylonate production using metabolic engineered G. oxydans 621H. The pathway marked with blue color indicated the glycerol utilization pathway used for biomass production. The pathways marked with yellow color were deleted to increase the glycerol channeled into central metabolism. The pathway marked with pink color indicated the xylonate production from xylose using the membrane-bound glucose dehydrogenase. The pathways marked with green color indicated remaining membrane-bound dehydrogenases could be used in other oxidative biotransformation processes. bo3, cytochrome bo3 ubiquinol oxidase, bd, cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase. Membrane-bound dehydrogenases transfer electrons to ubiquinone to form the reduced cofactor ubiquinol (QH2), which is oxidized by bo3 and bd to generate an electron gradient for energy production. 1, alcohol dehydrogenase (GOX1067 and GOX1068); 2, aldehyde dehydrogenase (GOX0585, GOX0586 and GOX0587); 3, polyol dehydrogenase (GOX0854 and GOX0855); 4/5, uncharacterized PQQ-depending dehydrogenase; 6, inositol dehydrogenase (GOX1857); 7, d-lactate dehydrogenase (GOX1253); 8, glucose dehydrogenase (GOX0265); 9, gluconate dehydrogenase (GOX1230, GOX1231 and GOX1232); 10, sorbitol dehydrogenase (GOX2094, GOX2095, GOX2096 and GOX2097). DHA dihydroxyacetone, G3P glycerol-3-phosphate, DHAP dihydroxyacetone phosphate, GAP glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, GlpF glycerol uptake facilitator protein, GlpK glycerol kinase, GlpD glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, EMP Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway

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